"is that the fixed mindset isn't just about intelligence, it's about identity. People with fixed mindsets have built their self-concept around being a certain kind of person with certain kinds of abilities. Any challenge to those abilities becomes a challenge to their fundamental sense of self. Now here's where this gets complicated for leaders. In my experience, the fixed mindset often correlates with professional success. The person who committed early and deeply to developing expertise, who's built their entire career around being the expert in a specific domain, often succeeded precisely because of that focus. The same psychological pattern that enabled their success now prevents their adaptation."